Where do we start? Let's start simple.
The primary focus of all photography is to capture or photograph a subject. That subject could be a person, an object, a landscape, a sunset, or group of people or multiple objects.
I often get asked "How do you decide what to photograph?". In other words, how do I decide what I want as my subject. Certainly, that is a complex question. The answer changes depending on the subject. Simply put, I look for things to photograph. As I drive around, I look for beauty in nature, interesting landmarks, trees, buildings etc. I walk in the yard with an eye out for new subjects. Insects, flowers, shapes, shadows, colorful leaf patterns, the sun through the trees, and any oddity all make for subjects of my interest and photos.
When one is first trying their hand at photography I encourage that you take lots and lots of photos. Experiment continually. I always look for new ways to capture that special time and place. It may never look the same again. It all begins in your head, by thinking. Many books have broached this subject. Each individual has a different perspective of this world, and beyond (i.e. stars, moon, sun, etc.).
Try taking portraits of folks around you. Children make good subjects. They don't usually look awkward as older folks do when trying to pose. Start with candid shots while they go about their play.
Then try still lifes of various objects around the house.
Landscapes are everywhere. Stop and take the time to photograph things around your world. You'll be pleased with the results.
Macro photography is very rewarding, different, and exciting. Don't forget to use a tripod when necessary here. Sharp detail is what this is all about. Low lighting can cause trouble and be corrected in a number of ways. Flash, reflectors, and lamps help in different situations. Waiting on the time of day for the sun to be in the right spot may be an answer at times.
Okay, now for a very important point concerning your subject, no matter what type of photo you are trying to take. Simplify your subject.
Many times it is hard to tell what it was that the photographer was trying to capture. What was the primary interest of the photographer? Make sure your photo has a definite subject. Extraneous objects distract from the subject. Your eyes should immediately find the subject. You should be drawn to the primary object of focus. Move in closer to properly frame the subject. Use telephoto to do the same if possible. Remove objects that are unnecessary. You may have to crop the photo in the computer later.
Never forget to simplify, no matter when or where you photograph. It is all about the framing of your subject. If I'm taking a shot of a bridge, I'm thinking how to frame the shot so that I can crop it later if needed. Things may be in your way off to the side, or in the foreground that you can't remove. Plan for that as you snap the photo. Think. It starts and ends in your head.
All photos ever taken started out as a thought in the photographer's head. The difference between an average photo and an exceptional photo starts with the thought process carried out a little further than what the average person usually does.
Critique your photos after the fact. Look to find ways that you could have improved the shot. Commit yourself to trying to see things as they happen and make adjustments on the go to get that perfect photo.
I'll simplify what all those words above mean. Simplify your subject. Work at that. Make it second nature.
Later on we'll get into cameras, flash and lighting tips, white balance, and other areas that will be of interest.
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